Safety Tips for Journalists in Pakistan

Given the documented risks for journalists in Pakistan, comprehensive safety protocols are crucial, encompassing physical, digital, and legal preparedness. The environment is particularly hazardous in conflict zones, and threats can come from state actors, political parties, and extremist groups.

Physical Safety and Preparation

Prioritize risk assessment: Before reporting, especially in conflict-prone areas, conduct a thorough risk assessment. Develop an escape plan and identify potential shelters.
Wear clear identification: When covering civil unrest or protests, clearly display your "PRESS" credentials. Wear protective gear, such as a bulletproof vest and helmet, in a color that doesn't resemble military or police attire.
Never become part of the story: Maintain an impartial and non-aggressive demeanor. Avoid arguing with parties involved in a conflict.
Carry a basic medical kit: Ensure you or at least one team member has basic first-aid training and a trauma kit. Keep a list of nearby hospitals and emergency services.
Stay in communication: Inform your newsroom or a trusted contact of your travel plans and report in periodically. Apps like Reporta can help connect with editors.
Cover the story, don't become it: Don't let the pressure of competition compromise your safety. Be prepared to leave a dangerous situation when necessary.

Digital Security

Protect your devices: Use strong, unique passwords with a password manager. Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for all your accounts. Use a PIN lock on all devices.
Secure your communications: Assume that all unencrypted communications can be intercepted. Use encrypted messaging services, like Signal, for sensitive conversations with sources.
Use a VPN: A VPN can conceal your internet traffic from your service provider and help you circumvent online censorship.
Manage your data: Know what data is on your devices and remove anything that could put you or your sources at risk.
Safeguard sources: The law protects the confidentiality of sources, but do not rely solely on this protection.
Beware of phishing: Be aware of targeted attacks via email or social media to steal your information.
Counter online harassment: Female journalists are especially vulnerable to online abuse. The Digital Rights Foundation operates a Cyber Harassment Helpline.

Legal and Organizational Support

Know your rights: Familiarize yourself with the federal Protection of Journalists and Media Professionals Act, 2021, and the Sindh Act.
Report incidents: If you experience harassment, threats, or violence, you can file a complaint with the Pakistan Press Foundation (PPF).
Seek legal aid: Organizations like the Institute for Research, Advocacy and Development (IRADA) run a Legal Aid Cell.
Join a union: The Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists (PFUJ) and other press clubs provide support to members.
Demand safety from your employer: Your media organization should provide proper training, safety gear, and insurance.
Use international support: Organizations like the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) and the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) provide resources.